Çiğdem

Crocus
Korunma durumu
Değerlendirilmedi (IUCN 3.1)
Biyolojik sınıflandırma
Âlem: Plantae Şube: Tracheophyta Sınıf: Liliopsida Takım: Asparagales Familya: Iridaceae Cins: Crocus L.
Sinonimler
Crociris - Schur Geanthus - Raf. Safran - Medik.

Crocus veya Çiğdem,^[1] Iridaceae familyasına bağlı bir bitki cinsidir.^[2][3]

Crocus cinsine bağlı türler (2024):

Akdeniz ve Kuzey Afrika'dan orta ve güney Avrupa'ya, Orta Doğu'dan Asya'ya ve Çin'in batısına doğru dağılım gösterir. Çoğu türü Türkiye'ye özgüdür ve diğer bölgelere tanıtılmıştır.^[4][5][6][7]

• 
  Crocus alatavicus
• 
  Crocus aleppicus
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  Crocus ancyrensis
• 
  Crocus banaticus
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  Crocus biflorus
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  Crocus cancellatus
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  Crocus carpetanus
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  Crocus cartwrightianus
• 
  Crocus caspius
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  Crocus chrysanthus
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  Crocus corsicus
• 
  Crocus etruscus
• 
  Crocus flavus
• 
  Crocus goulimyi
• 
  Crocus graveolens
• 
  Crocus hyemalis
• 
  Crocus imperati
• 
  Crocus kotschyanus
• 
  Crocus laevigatus
• 
  Crocus longiflorus
• 
  Crocus malyi
• 
  Crocus minimus
• 
  Crocus nevadensis
• 
  Crocus nudiflorus
• 
  Crocus olivieri
• 
  Crocus pallasii
• 
  Crocus pulchellus
• 
  Crocus serotinus clusii
• 
  Crocus serotinus salzmannii
• 
  Crocus scharojanii
• 
  Crocus tournefortii
• 
  Crocus versicolor
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• Caiola, Maria Grilli; Canini, Antonella (2010). "Looking for Saffron's (Crocus sativus L.) Parents" (PDF). Functional Plant Science and Biotechnology. 4 (2): 1-14. 
• Caiola, Maria Grilli; Faoro, Franco (2011). "Latent virus infections in Crocus sativus and Crocus cartwrightianus". Phytopathologia Mediterranea. 50 (2): 175-182. JSTOR 26458691. 
• Challenger, Charlie (March 1986). "The Pleasures of Crocus". The New Zealand Garden Journal (Journal of the Royal New Zealand Institute of Horticulture). 1 (1): 12-17. 
• Davies, Kevin L. (2001). "The life and work of Sydenham Edwards FLS, Welshman, Botanical and Animal Draughtsman 1768-1819". Minerva - The Journal of Swansea History. 9: 30-58. 
• Day, Jo (2011). "Crocuses in context: A Diachronic Survey of the Crocus Motif in the Aegean Bronze Age". Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. 80 (3): 337. doi:10.2972/hesperia.80.3.0337. 
• Dewan, Rachel (2015). "Bronze Age Flower Power: The Minoan Use and Social Significance of Saffron and Crocus Flowers" (PDF). Chronika. 5: 42-55. 
• Harrison, Richard G.; Larson, Erica L. (1 Aralık 2014). "Hybridization, Introgression, and the Nature of Species Boundaries". Journal of Heredity. 105 (S1): 795-809. doi:10.1093/jhered/esu033. PMID 25149255. 
• Harvey, John H. (1976). "Turkey as a Source of Garden Plants". Garden History. 4 (3): 21-42. doi:10.2307/1586521. ISSN 0307-1243. JSTOR 1586521. 
• Janick, Jules; Daunay, Marie Christine; Paris, Harry (November 2010). "Horticulture and Health in the Middle Ages: Images from the Tacuinum Sanitatis". HortScience. 45 (11): 1592-1596. doi:10.21273/HORTSCI.45.11.1592 . 
• Kandeler, R.; Ullrich, W. R. (25 Kasım 2008). "Symbolism of plants: examples of European-Mediterranean culture presented with biology and history of art: JANUARY: Crocus". Journal of Experimental Botany. 60 (1): 6-8. doi:10.1093/jxb/ern360. PMID 19213723. 
• Mathew, Brian (1986). "George Maw and his monograph". The Kew Magazine. 3 (4): 186-189. JSTOR 45066517. 
• Mohtashami, Leila; Amiri, Mohammad Sadegh; Ramezani, Mahin; Emami, Seyed Ahmad; Simal-Gandara, Jesus (November 2021). "The genus Crocus L.: A review of ethnobotanical uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology". Industrial Crops and Products. 171: 113923. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113923. 
• Negbi, Moshe (May 1989). "Theophrastus on geophytes". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 100 (1): 15-43. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1989.tb01708.x. 
• Pastor-Férriz, Teresa; De-los-Mozos-Pascual, Marcelino; Renau-Morata, Begoña; Nebauer, Sergio G.; Sanchis, Enrique; Busconi, Matteo; Fernández, José-Antonio; Kamenetsky, Rina; Molina, Rosa V. (3 Mart 2021). "Ongoing Evolution in the Genus Crocus: Diversity of Flowering Strategies on the Way to Hysteranthy". Plants. 10 (3): 477. doi:10.3390/plants10030477 . PMC 7999489 $2. PMID 33802494. 
• Rix, Alison (May 2008). "George Maw, Joseph Hooker and the genus Crocus". Curtis's Botanical Magazine. 25 (2): 176-187. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8748.2008.00616.x. 
• Rudall, Paula; Mathew, Brian (1990). "Leaf Anatomy in Crocus (Iridaceae)". Kew Bulletin. 45 (3): 535-544. doi:10.2307/4110516. JSTOR 4110516. 
• Sharifi, G. (January 2010). "Etymology, history and application of saffron (Crocus sativus l.) in ancient Iran". Acta Horticulturae (850): 309-314. doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2010.850.53. 
• Trakoli, Anna (16 Haziran 2021). "Minoan Art, The 'Saffron Gatherers', c1650 BC". Occupational Medicine. 71 (3): 124-126. doi:10.1093/occmed/kqab019 . 
• Rana, Yudhvir (20 Haziran 2021). "Himachal Pradesh set for commercial cultivation of saffron". The Times of India. Erişim tarihi: 13 Ocak 2022. 
• Harpke, Dörte; Kerndorff, Helmut; Raca, Irena; Pasche, Erich (23 Eylül 2017). "A New Serbian Endemic Species Of The Genus Crocus (Iridaceae)". Biologica Nyssana. 8 (1): 7-13. doi:10.5281/zenodo.962907. 
• Kerndorff, H; Pasche, E (31 Temmuz 1997). "Zwei bemerkenswerte Taxa des Crocus biflorus-Komplexes (Iridaceae) aus der Nordosttürkei" [Two remarkable taxa of the Crocus biflorus complex (Iridaceae) from northeastern Turkey] (PDF). Linzer Biologische Beitraege (Almanca) (1): 591-600. 
• Kerndorff, H; Pasche, E (2011). "Two new taxa of Crocus (Liliiflorae, Iridaceae) from Turkey" (PDF). Stapfia. 95: 2-5. 
• Kerndorff, H; Pasche, E; Harpke, D; Blattner, FR (2012). "Seven New Species of Crocus (Liliiflorae, Iridaceae) from Turkey" (PDF). Stapfia. 97: 3-16. 
• Kerndorff, H; Pasche, E; Blattner, FR; Harpke, D (2013). "Fourteen New Species of Crocus (Liliiflorae, Iridaceae) from West, South-West and South-Central Turkey" (PDF). Stapfia. 99: 145-158. 
• Miljković, Milica; Ranđelović, Vladimir; Harpke, Dörte (9 Haziran 2016). "A new species of Crocus (Iridaceae) from southern Albania (SW Balkan Peninsula)". Phytotaxa. 265 (1): 39-49. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.265.1.3. 
• Papanicolaou, K.; Zacharof, E. (17 Ocak 1980). "Crocus in greece new taxa and chromosome numbers". Botaniska Notiser. 133 (2): 155-164. 
• Peruzzi, Lorenzo; Carta, Angelino (February 2011). "Crocus ilvensis sp. nov. (sect. Crocus, Iridaceae), endemic to Elba Island (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy)". Nordic Journal of Botany. 29 (1): 6-13. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.2010.01023.x. 
• Raca, Irena; Harpke, Dörte; Shuka, Lulëzim; Ranđelović, Vladimir (19 Ekim 2020). "A new species of Crocus ser. Verni (Iridaceae) with 2 n = 12 chromosomes from the Balkans". Plant Biosystems. 156: 36-42. doi:10.1080/11263504.2020.1829735. 
• Ranđelović, Novica; Ranđelović, Vladimir; Hristovski, Nikola (April 2012). "Crocus jablanicensis (Iridaceae), a new species from the Republic of Macedonia, Balkan Peninsula". Annales Botanici Fennici. 49 (1–2): 99-102. doi:10.5735/085.049.0116. ISSN 0003-3847. JSTOR 23728141. 
• Schneider, Ingo (2014). "Crocus brachyfilus (Iridaceae), a new species from southern Turkey". Willdenowia. 44 (1): 45-50. doi:10.3372/wi.44.44107 . ISSN 0511-9618. JSTOR 24750912. 
• Baker, John Gilbert (1874). "A Classified Synonymic List of all the Known Crocuses, with their Native Countries, and References to the Works where they are Figured". Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society of London. 4 (14): 111-119. 
• Curtis, William (1787). "Crocus vernus". Curtis's Botanical Magazine. 2: T45. 
• Haworth, Adrian (1820). "On the Cultivation of Crocuses, with a short Account of the different Species known at present. February 7, 1809". Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London. M. Bulmer & Co. 1: 122-139. 
• Herbert, William (1847). "A History of the Species of Crocus". The Journal of the Horticultural Society of London. 2: 249-293. 
• Sabine, Joseph (1830). "An Account and Description of the Species and most remarkable Varieties of Spring Crocuses, cultivated in the Garden of the Horticultural Society. January 6, 1829". Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London. 7: III: 419-432; IV: 433-498. 
• Sims, John (1803). "Crocus susianus. Cloth of Gold Crocus". Curtis's Botanical Magazine. 18: T652. 
• Farr, E. R.; Zijlstra, G. (eds). (1996-current). Index Nominum Genericorum (ING). A compilation of generic names published for organisms covered by the ICN: International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants.
• Aronsson, Mora (2004) Thomas Karlssons Kärlväxtlista

• European Commission (2022). "Krokos Kozanis PDO". Food, Farming, Fisheries: EU Quality Food and Drink. Erişim tarihi: 4 Ocak 2022. 
• "Elenco delle specie - Genere: Crocus - Famiglia: Iridaceae". Flora Italiana. 2022. Erişim tarihi: 5 Ocak 2022. 
• Harris, Stephen (2022). "Crocus species (Iridaceae)". Oxford University Plants 400. Department of Plant Sciences, Oxford University. Erişim tarihi: 8 Ocak 2022. 
• Porcher, Michel H. (25 Haziran 2013). "Sorting Crocus names". Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database. Department of Agriculture and Food Systems, Melbourne School of Land and Environment, University of Melbourne. Erişim tarihi: 22 Ocak 2022. 
• Boland, Todd (20 Eylül 2008). "Crocus to Brighten the Spring Garden". Dave's Garden. Erişim tarihi: 23 Ocak 2022. 
• NCBI (2022a). "CID 5281233, Crocin". PubChem. Bethesda MD: National Library of Medicine. Erişim tarihi: 24 Ocak 2022. 
• NCBI (2022b). "CID 5281232, Crocetin". PubChem. Bethesda MD: National Library of Medicine. Erişim tarihi: 24 Ocak 2022. 
• "Distribution area of the genus Crocus subdivided into five different geographic regions (A-E)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (Map). 66 (3): 617-627: Supplementary material. March 2013. 
• IBS. "Crocus". International Bulb Society. 3 Eylül 2013 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 15 Ocak 2022. 
• PBS (5 Mart 2021). "Crocus". Photographs and Information. Erişim tarihi: 21 Ocak 2022. 
• Bowles (2022). "Crocus Collection". E. A. Bowles of Myddelton House Society. Erişim tarihi: 23 Ocak 2022. 
• Lonsdale, John. "Crocus". The Lonsdale Collection. The Alpine Garden. 25 Şubat 2014 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 23 Ocak 2022. 
• Lonsdale, John (2022). "Crocuses". The Lonsdsale Garden. Edgewood Gardens. Erişim tarihi: 23 Ocak 2022. 
• Goode, Tony (2022). "Crocus Pages". Alpine Garden Society. Erişim tarihi: 23 Ocak 2022. 
• "Crocus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Erişim tarihi: 4 Ocak 2022. 
  • Crocus türleri listesi
• Çin florası
  • Zhao, Yu-tang; Noltie, Henry J.; Mathew, Brian F. (2004). "Crocus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 36. 1753". s. 313. Erişim tarihi: 6 Ocak 2022. , in Flora of China online vol. 24
  • Wencai, Wang; Bartholomew, Bruce (2004). "Pulsatilla Miller, Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. [1136]. 1754". s. 329. Erişim tarihi: 10 Ocak 2022. , in Flora of China online vol. 6
• Ali, S. I.; Mathew, Brian (2011). "Crocus L". Flora of Pakistan. Missouri Botanical Garden. 7 Ocak 2022 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 7 Ocak 2022. 
• GBIF. "Crocus L". 7 Haziran 2017 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 9 Ocak 2022. 
• Wikimedia Commons'ta Çiğdem ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur.
• Vikitür'de Çiğdem ile ilgili ayrıntılı taksonomik bilgiler bulunur.