William Cowper

William Cowper
William Cowper
	Lemuel Francis Abbott tarafından yapılmış Cowper portresi
Doğum	William Cowper; 26 Kasım 1731; Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire,İngiltere
Ölüm	25 Nisan 1800 (68 yaşında); East Dereham, Norfolk,İngiltere
Meslek	Yazar,Şair
İkamet	İngiltere
Milliyet	İngiliz
Vatandaşlık	İngiltere
Dönem	18.yy
Tür	Edebiyat
Edebî akım	Romantizm

William Cowper (d. 26 Kasım 1731 – ö. 25 Nisan 1800) İngiliz şair ve hümanist.

Zamanının en popüler şairlerinden biri, 18. yy günlük yaşamı ve kırsal doğal yaşam ile ilgili şiirler yazmıştır. Samuel Taylor Coleridge modern çağın en önemli şairleri arasında gördüğünü belirtmektedir. Birçok bakımdan Romantik şiirin öncüleri arasında yer alır^[1]. Cowper sakin, melankolik ve çekingen bir şair idi.

Cowper evangelik kilisesinin ateşli savunucularındandır. Cowper'in çok sevilen ilahilerinin ilham kaynağı dini konulardı^[2].

Başlıca eserleri

Olney Hymns, 1779, in collaboration with John Newton
John Gilpin, 1782
The Task, 1785
Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, 1791 (Yunancadan çevirilier).

İlahileri

127 Jesus! where'er thy people meet
357 The Spirit breathes upon the word
450 There is a fountain, filled with blood
790 Hark! my soul! it is the Lord
856 To Jesus, the Crown of my hope
871 Far from the world, O Lord! I flee
885 My Lord! how full of sweet content (1782 translation)
932 What various hindrances we meet
945 Oh! for a closer walk with God
965 When darkness long has veiled my mind
1002 'Tis my happiness below
1009 O Lord! in sorrow I resign (1782 translation)
1029 O Lord! my best desire fulfill
1043 There is a safe and secret place
1060 God of my life! to thee I call

Tanıdık alıntılar

moves in a mysterious way,
His wonders to perform;
He plants his footsteps in the sea,
And rides upon the storm.

Olney Hymns (1779)--'Light Shining out of Darkness'

There is a fountain fill'd with blood
Drawn from EMMANUEL's veins;
And sinners, plung'd beneath that flood,
Lose all their guilty stains.

Olney Hymns (1779)--'Praise for the Fountain Opened'

Oh! for a closer walk with,
A calm and heav'nly frame;
A light to shine upon the road
That leads me to the Lamb!

Olney Hymns (1779)--'Walking with God'

God made the country, and man made the town.

The Task (1785)--'The Sofa' (Book I, line 749)

There is a pleasure in poetic pains
Which only poets know.

The Task (1785)--'The Timepiece' (Book II, lines 285-6)

Variety's the very spice of life,
That gives it all its flavour.

The Task (1785)--'The Timepiece' (Book II, lines 606-7)

I am monarch of all I survey,
My right there is none to dispute;
From the centre all round to the sea,
I am lord of the fowl and the brute.

'Verses Supposed to be Written by Alexander Selkirk' (1782), lines 1-4

No voice divine the storm allay'd,
No light propitious shone;
When, snatch'd from all effectual aid,
We perish'd, each alone;
But I beneath a rougher sea,
And whelmed in deeper gulphs than he.

"The Castaway" (1799), lines 61-66

'Tis pleasant, through the loopholes of retreat,
To peep at such a world; to see the stir
Of the great Babel, and not feel the crowd;
To hear the roar she sends through all her gates
At a safe distance, where the dying sound
Falls a soft murmur on the uninjur'd ear.

The Task (1785)--'The Winter Evening' (Book IV, lines 88-93)

Dipnotlar

^ Date of birth is given in New Style (Gregorian calendar). Old Style date is 15 November 1731. (1911 Encyclopædia Britannica
^ Hıristiyanlık Tarihi. John S. Andrews. Yeni Yaşam Yayınları. 2004. s. 461. ISBN 975 8318 86 1.

Kaynakça

Harold Child, "William Cowper", in Ward & Trent, et al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1907–21. As given at Bartleby.com 2 Kasım 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.. (Some biographical data utilized.)
H.S. Milford, The Complete Poetical Works of William Cowper. London: Oxford University Press, 1913. ("Chronological Table" on pp. xxiv-xxx heavily utilized for biographical data.)
The Church Hymn book 1872, edited by Edwin F. Hatfield, New York and Chicago, US.

Eserleri

Works by or about William Cowper at Internet Archive (scanned books original editions color illustrated)
Essays by William Cowper 28 Aralık 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. at Quotidiana.org1 Eylül 2017 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.
Complete Poetical Works of William Cowper 26 Ağustos 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. at CCEL
Hymns by William Cowper4 Mart 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.
Selected Poems at The Poet's Corner 16 Temmuz 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.
Selected Poetry of Cowper at the University of Toronto
Electronic text of Cowper's "Odyssey" translation at bibliomania.com19 Ağustos 2000 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.
Audio: Robert Pinsky reads "Epitaph On A Hare" by William Cowper (via poemsoutloud.net)

Cowper Hakkında

The Life of William Cowper by Thomas Wright (First Edition. June 2005)
Detailed account of William Cowper's life in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica 2 Kasım 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.
The Town of Cowper by Thomas Wright (First Edition. May 1886)
The Stricken Deer, biography by David Cecil, 1929 and later editions.
A Portrait of William Cowper: His Own Interpreter in Letters and Poems by Louise B. Risk, 2004.
The Castaway 5 Haziran 2012 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.. A one-man play by David Gooderson based entirely on Cowper’s poems and letters.
The Winner of Sorrow: a novel / Bryan Lynch. - Dublin: New Island, 2005. 363 p. ISBN 1-905494-25-4 [Biographical novel]