Ermeni devletleri ve hanedanlıkları listesi
Bu listede tarihteki Ermeni devletleri, hanedanlıkları ve otonomileri bulunmaktadır.
Eski Devletleri
- Ermenistan Demokratik Cumhuriyeti (1918–1920)
- Dağlık Ermenistan Cumhuriyeti (1921)
- Ermenistan Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti (1920–1922, 1936–1990/1991)
- Ermenistan Cumhuriyeti (1991–günümüz)
Tarihi Devletler
- Diauehi (MÖ 12. yüzyıl–MÖ 8. yüzyıl) etnik kökenleri tam olarak bilinmemekle birlikte muhtemelen Kartvel,[1][2][3][4][5] Hurri[6][7][8][9][10] veya Ermeni[11][12][13] kabilelerinin birliğiydi.
- Urartular (MÖ 860–MÖ 590) her ne kadar Urartular Ermeni olmasa da, Urartu krallığı sınırları içerisinde kısmen Proto-Ermenice konuşulduğuna inanılıyor.[14][15][16][17] Ayrıca Urartular, Ermenilerin en kolay tespit edilebilen atalarıdır.[18][19]
- Ermenistan Satraplığı (MÖ 570–MÖ 321)
- Ermenistan Krallığı (MÖ 321–MS 426)
- Sophene Krallığı (MÖ 3. yüzyıl–MÖ 95)[20]
- Kommagene Krallığı (MÖ 163–MS 72)[21][22]
- Hemşin Prensliği (MS 790–MS 1486)
- Ermeni Bagratuni Krallığı (MS 885–MS 1045)
- Vaspurakan Krallığı (MS 908–MS 1021)
- Tashir-Dzoraget Krallığı (MS 979–MS 1118)
- Syunik Krallığı (MS 987–MS 1170)[23][24]
- Artsakh Krallığı (MS 1000–MS 1261)
- Kilikya Ermeni Krallığı (MS 1080–MS 1375)
- Zakaryanlar (MS 1201–MS 1360)[25][26][27]
- Khachen Prensliği (MS 1261–MS 1604)[28][29][30]
- Karabağ Meliklikleri (MS 1603–MS 1822)[31]
Kaynakça
- ^ Phoenix: The Peoples of the Hills: Ancient Ararat and Caucasus by Charles Burney, David Marshall Lang, Phoenix Press; New Ed edition (31 Aralık, 2001)
- ^ Prince Mikasa no Miya Takahito: Essays on Ancient Anatolia in the Second Millennium B.C. s. 141.
- ^ C. Burney, Die Bergvölker Vorderasiens, Essen (1975), s. 274.
- ^ A. G. Sagona. Archaeology at the North-East Anatolian Frontier, s. 30.
- ^ R. G. Suny. The Making of the Georgian Nation, s. 6.
- ^ И. М. Дьяконов (1968). "Глава II. История Армянского нагорья в эпоху бронзы и раннего железа". Предыстория армянского народа: История Арм. нагорья с 1500 по 500 г. до н. э. Хурриты, лувийцы, протоармяне. Ер.: АН Арм. ССР. s. 120.
«Этническая принадлежность Дайаэни не вполне ясна; Г. А. Меликишвили считает их хурритским племенем, и это весьма вероятно. Но Дайаэни просуществовало до VIII в. до н.э., а следовательно, грузиноязычные халды-халибы, засвидетельствованные западнее, возможно, уже с IX в., должны были бы пройти здесь, скорее всего, раньше его образования, — по всей вероятности, в начале XII в. до н.э...»
- ^ А. В. Седов (2004). История древнего Востока. М: Восточная литература. s. 872.
- ^ М. С. Капица; Л. Б. Алаев; К. З. Ашрафян (1997). "Глава XXIX. Закавказье и сопредельные страны в период эллинизма". История Востока: Восток в древности. Восточная литература. Vol. 1. М. s. 530.
«Западное протогрузинское объединение Колхида существовало самостоятельно давно; уже в VIII в. до х.э. оно предположительно унаследовало северные земли уничтоженного урартами хурритского государства таохов, расположенные в долине р. Чорох.»
- ^ М. А. Агларов. Дагестан в эпоху великого переселения народов: этногенетические исследования. Институт истории, археологии и этнографии Дагестанского научного центра РАН. s. 191.
31. «Среди специалистов существует мнение, что диаухи-таохи являлись хурритским племенем.»
- ^ Б. А. Арутюнян (1998). "К вопросу об этнической принадлежности населения бассейна реки Чорох в VII—IV вв. до н. э." (PDF). Историко-филологический журнал № 1–2 . s. 233–246.
233. «...К примеру, Г. Тиранян считал, что племена саспейров или эсперитов, фасианов и халдайев (халдеев) или халибов имели, вероятно, картвельское или грузинское происхождение, а таохи — хурритское происхождение.» 246. «Подытоживая вышесказанное, мы приходим к выводу, что бассейн реки Чорох в VII—VII веках до н.э. был населён скифскими племенами, подчинившими местное армянское население, а в районе устья реки Чорох — грузинские племена. Во второй половине I тысячелетия до н.э. они, в основном, оказались в водовороте формирования армянского народа и были арменезированы.»
- ^ Hrach Martirosyan (2014). "Origins and Historical Development of the Armenian Language". Leiden University: 9. Retrieved 9 October 2019. s. 8.
- ^ A.V. Dumikyan (2016). "Taik in The Assyrian and Biainian Cuneiform Inscriptions, Ancient Greek and Early Medieval Armenian Sources (the Interpretations of the 19th Century French Armenologists)" Fundamental Armenology No. 2 4.
- ^ Armen Petrosyan (September 1, 2010). The Armenian Elements In The Language And Onomastics Of Urartu. Association For Near Eastern And Caucasian Studies. s. 137.
- ^ Diakonoff, Igor M (1992). "First Evidence of the Proto-Armenian Language in Eastern Anatolia". Annual of Armenian Linguistics. 13: 51–54.
- ^ Petrosyan, Armen. "The Armenian Elements in the Language and Onomastics of Urartu." Aramazd: Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 2010.
- ^ Robert Drews. Militarism and the Indo-Europeanizing of Europe. Routledge. 2017. s. 228. "The vernacular of the Great Kingdom of Biainili was quite certainly Armenian."
- ^ Hrach Martirosyan (2013). "The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian*" Leiden University. ss. 85–86.
- ^ Redgate, A. E. (2000). The Armenians. Oxford: Blackwell. s. 5.
However, the most easily identifiable ancestors of the later Armenian nation are the Urartians.
- ^ Frye, Richard N. (1984). The History of Ancient Iran. Munich: C.H. Beck. s. 73.
The real heirs of the Urartians, however, were neither the Scythians nor Medes but the Armenians.
- ^ Zariadres // Encyclopædia Britannica "...member of the Armenian Orontid dynasty who was appointed strategos (governor) of the Armenian kingdom of Sophene..."
- ^ Yarshater, Ehsan; Fisher, William Bayne; Gershevitch, Ilya (1983). The Cambridge History of Iran. Cambridge University Press. s. 535. "...a former Armenian satellite kingdom, namely Commagene..."
- ^ Versluys, Miguel John (2017). Visual Style and Constructing Identity in the Hellenistic World: Nemrud Dağ and Commagene under Antiochos I. Cambridge University Press. s. 48. "Most scholars assume that Ptolemy was the first Commagenean king and that he descended from the Armenian Orontids."
- ^ Armenia and Iran // Encyclopædia Iranica "In 1162, eastern Armenia was attacked by the atabeg Īldegoz of Azerbaijan. In 1170, with a new invasion, the Armenian Kingdom of Siunikʿ was terminated."
- ^ Armenia // Encyclopædia Britannica "A few native Armenian rulers survived for a time in the Kiurikian kingdom of Lori, the Siuniqian kingdom of Baghq or Kapan, and the principates of Khachen (Artzakh) and Sasun."
- ^ Toumanoff, Cyril. "KAMSARAKAN". Encyclopaedia Iranica. ss. 453–455.
KAMSARAKAN, Armenian noble family [...] Another branch of this house, the Zachariads-Mkhargrdzeli, played a decisive role in the history of Georgia from the 12th to the 14th century and has survived to this day.
- ^ Encyclopaedia of Islam. — E. J. BRILL, 1986. — Vol. I. — s. 507 "Ani was for the first time conquered by the Georgians in 1124, under David II, who laid the foundation of the power of the Georgian kings; the town was given as a fief to the Armenian family of the Zakarians, (in Georgian: Mkhargrdzeli = Longimani)"
- ^ Cyril Toumanoff. Armenia and Georgia // The Cambridge Medieval History. — Cambridge, 1966. — vol. IV: The Byzantine Empire, part I chapter XIV. — ss. 593—637 "Later, in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, the Armenian house of the Zakarians (Mkhargrdzeli) ruled in northern Armenia at Ani, Lor'i, Kars, and Dvin under the Georgian aegis."
- ^ Armenia // Encyclopædia Britannica "A few native Armenian rulers survived for a time in the Kiurikian kingdom of Lori, the Siuniqian kingdom of Baghq or Kapan, and the principates of Khachen (Artzakh) and Sasun."
- ^ C. J. F. Dowsett. The Albanian Chronicle of Mxit'ar Goš // BSOAS. — 1958. — Vol. XXI, No 3. —s. 482.:"Late name of part of pr. Arcax, forming at this time a small independent Armenian principality; the earliest references to Xacen are of the tenth century (...)"
- ^ Abū-Dulaf Misʻar Ibn Muhalhil's Travels in Iran (circa A.D. 950) / Ed. and trans. by V. Minorsky. — Cairo University Press, 1955. — s. 74:"Khajin (Armenian Khachen) was an Armenian principality immediately south of Barda'a."
- ^ Armenia // Encyclopædia Britannica "In mountainous Karabakh a group of five Armenian maliks (princes) succeeded in conserving their autonomy and maintained a short period of independence (1722-30) during the struggle between Persia and Turkey at the beginning of the 18th century; despite the heroic resistance of the Armenian leader David Beg, the Turks occupied the region but were driven out by the Persians under the general Nādr Qolī Beg (from 1736-47, Nādir Shah) in 1735."
