Şam hükümdarları listesi

Antik zamanlardan günümüze Şam hükümdarları listesi

Kenan

Uz ben Shem (c. 2500 BC)
Biryawaza (14th century BC)

Arami-Damascus

Rezon I (c. 950 BC)
Tabrimmon
Ben-Hadad I (c. 885 BCE-c. 865 BC)
Hadadezer (c. 865 BC-c. 842 BC)
Hazael (c. 842 BC-c. 804 BC)
Ben-Hadad III (c. 796 BC)
Tab-El (c. 770 BC)
Rezon II (c. 740 BC-732 BC)

Bağımsız olmayan dönem

Asurlulara bağlı (732 BC-609 BC)
- Ilu-Ittia (yaklaşık 8. yüzyıl BC)
Babil'e bağlı (609 BC-539 BC)
Ahameniş İmparatorluğu'na bağlı (539 BC-332 BC)
Makedonya'ya bağlı (332 BC-323 BC)
Antigonid Hanedanı'na bağlı (323 BC-301 BC)
Ptolemaios Krallığı'na bağlı (301 BC-198 BC)
Seleukos İmparatorluğu'na bağlı (198 BC-167 BC)
Ituraea'ya bağlı (167 BC-110 BC) (Seleukos'dan yarı bağımsız)
Dekapolis'e bağlı (110 BC-85 BC) (Seleukos'dan yarı bağımsız)
Nebatî Krallığı'na bağlı (85 BC-64 BC)
Roma Cumhuriyeti/Roma İmparatorluğu/Bizans İmparatorluğu (64 BC-635)
- Gassanilere bağlı (529-584; ?-635)

Dört Halife

Halid bin Velid (635-636)
Ebu Ubeyde bin Cerrah (636-637)
Amr bin Âs (637-640)
Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan (640)
Muaviye bin Ebu Süfyan (640-661)

Emevîler

Muâviye bin Ebu Süfyan (661-680)
Yezîd bin Muâviye (680-683)
Ebu Laylâ Muâviye bin Yezîd (683-684)
Mervân bin Hakem (684-685)
Abdülmelik bin Mervan (685-705)
Ebu'l-Abbas el-Velid Bin Abdülmelik (705-715
Süleyman bin Abdülmelik (715-717)
Ömer bin Abdülazîz (717-720 )
Yezîd bin Abdülmelik (720-724)
Hişâm bin Abdülmelik (724-743)
Velîd bin Yezîd (743-744)
Yezîd bin Velîd (744)
İbrahim bin Velîd (744)
Mervân bin Muhammed (Yukarı Mezopotamya, Harran'dan yönetmiştir, 744-750)

Abbâsî emirleri

Abdallah ibn Ali (750-754)
Salih ibn Ali (754)
Abd al-Wahhab ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Abbasi(754-764)
Al-Fadl ibn Salih (766-775)
Ebu Cafer Harun er-Reşid (783-786)
Ibrahim ibn as-Salih ibn Ali (791-793)
Musa ibn Yahya al-Barmaki (793-794)
Abd al-Malik ibn Salih (794-797)
Ja'far ibn Yahya (797-803)
Shu'ayb ibn Khazim (803-804)
Yahya ibn Mu'adh ibn Muslim (806-808)
Abd al-Malik ibn Salih (810-811)
Sulayman ibn al-Mansur (811-815)
Tahir ibn al-Husein (815-821)
Abdallah ibn Tahir (821-822)
Ebu İshak Abbas el-Mutasım Billâh (828-829)
al-Abbas ibn al-Ma'mun (829-833)
'Ali ibn Ishaq (833-841)
Rija ibn Ayyub al-Hadari (841-847)
Malik ibn Sauq al-Taglibi (847-850)
Ibrahim al-Muyad ibn Mutawakkil (850-855)
al-Fath ibn Hakan al-Turki (856-861)
'Isa ibn Muhammad ibn al-Shayh (861-864)
Isa ibn Muhammad al-Nawshari.(c. 866)
Isa ibn al-Shaykh al-Shaybani, asi vali (c. 867-870)
Amajur al-Turki (870-878)
'Ali ibn Amajur al-Turki (878)
Mısır Tolunoğulları'na bağlı (877-896)
Tuğç bin Cuff (896–905)
Ahmad ibn Kayghalagh (905–906)
al-Rashidi (928–931)
Muhammed bin Toğaç (931–935)
Mısır İhşîdîler'e bağlı (935-969), istisnalar:
- to İbn Râik (939–942)
- Muhammad ibn Yazdad al-Shahrzuri (943-945)
- Seyfü'd Devle (945'te kısa bir dönem ve 947)

Fâtımî emirleri

Abu Ali Ja'far ibn Fallah al-Kutami (970-971)

Karmatîlerin Şam'ı işgali

Zalim ibn Mauhab al-Ukayli (973-974)
Jaysh ibn Muhammad (974)
Rayn al-Mu'izzi (974)
Alptekin el-Mûizzi (975-978)
Qassam al-Turab (978-983)

Fâtımîlerin Şam'ı geri alması

Baltakin al-Turki (983)
Bakcur (983-991)
Ya'qub al-Siqlabi (991)
Mançutekin (993-996)
Sulayman ibn Fallah (996)
Bishara al-Ikhshidi (997-998)
Jaysh ibn Muhammad (998-1000)
Sulayman ibn Fallah (1000–1002)
Abu'l-Hasan Ali ibn Jafar (1002–1004)
Abu Salih Muflih al-Lihyani (1004–1009)
Hamid ibn Mulham (1009)
Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1010–1011)
Badr al-Attar (1011–1012)
Abu Abdallah al-Muzahhir (1012–1014)
Abd ar-Rahman ibn Ilyas (1015–1021)
Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1021–1023)
Shihab ad-Dawlah Shah Tegin (1023–1024)
Wajik ad-Dawlah Abu al-Muta Zu-l-Karnayn Hamdan (1024–1028)
Anushtakin ad-Dizbari (1028–1041)
Nasir ad-Dawlah al-Hamdani (1041–1048)
Baha ad-Dawlah Takiq al-Saklabi (1048–1049)
Rifq al-Khadim (1049)
Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawlah (1049–1058)
Makin ad-Dawlah Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn 'Ali (1058)
Nasir ad-Dawlah al-Hamdani (1058–1060)
Sebuq Tegin (1060)
Muwaffaq ad-Dawlah Jauhar al-Mustansiri (1060–1061)
Hasam ad-Dawlah ibn al-Bachinaki (1061)
Uddat ad-Dawlah ibn al-Husein (1061)
Mu'in ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Adud ad-Dawla (1061–1063)
Bedr el-Cemâli (1063)
Hisn ad-Dawlah Haydar ibn Mansur (1063–1067)
Qutb ad-Din Baris Tegin (1068–1069)
Hisn ad-Dawlah Mualla al-Kitami (1069–1071)
Zain ad-Dawlah Intisar ibn Yahya al-Masmudi (1075–1076)

Selçuklu emirleri

Atsız bin Uvak (1076–1079)
I. Tutuş (1079–1095)
Dukak (1095–1104)
II. Tutuş (1104)
Ertaş (1104)

Böri emirleri

Tuğtekin (1104–1128)
Tacülmülk Böri (1128–1132)
Şemsülmülk İsmail (1132–1135)
Şehabeddin Mahmud (1135–1139)
Cemaleddin Muhammed (1139–1140)
Muinüddin Üner (Naip, 1140–1149)
Mucireddin Abak (1140–1154)

Zengi atabegleri

Nûreddin Mahmud Zengî (1154–1174)
el-Melikü's-Sâlih İmâdüddin İsmâil (1174)

Eyyûbî emirleri (bazıları aynı zamanda Mısır Sultanıdır)

Selahaddin Eyyubi (1174–1186)
Afdal bin Selâhaddîn (1186–1196)
I. Adil (1196–1218)
Muazzam bin Adil (1218–1227)
Nasır Davud (1227–1229)
Al-Ashraf (1229–1237)
Sâlih İsmail (1237)
Kamil bin Adil (1237–1238)
II. Âdil (1238–1239)
es-Sâlih Eyyûb (1239)
Sâlih İsmail (1239–1245)
es-Sâlih Eyyûb (1245–1249)
Muazzam Turanşah (1249–1250)
An-Nasir Yusuf (1250–1260)

Memlûk Devleti naipleri

Sanjar as-Salihi (Ağustos 1260–Ekim 1260)^[1]
Taybars al-Waziri (Ekim 1260–1264)^[1]
Aqush as-Salihi (1264–)^[1]
Sunqur al-Ashqar (1275–1280)
Lajin al-Ashqar (1280-?)
Aqush Bey (yaklaşık 1290s)
İzzeddin Aybek (?-1296)
Shuja ad-Din Adirlu (1296–1297)
Sayf ad-Din Kipchak (1297–1312)
Sayf ad-Din Tanqiz as-Nasiri (1312–1340)
Yilbugha an-Nasiri (1340–1350)
Sayf ad-Din Manjak (1350)
Tash Timur (yaklaşık 1380)
Yilbugha al-Nasiri (?-1393)
Sayf ad-Din Tanibak (1393–1399)
Sudun (1399–1400)
Timur tarafından işgal edildi (1400–1401)
Taghribirdi az-Zahiri (1401-?)
Kijmas (yaklaşık 1470'ler)
Ghazali Arab (yaklaşık 16. yüzyıl)
Sibai (yaklaşık 16. yüzyıl)^[2]
Shihab ad-Din Ahmad (1516–1517)
Canberdi Gazâlî (1518–1521)

Osmanlı valileri

Yunus Paşa (yaklaşık 1516)
Canberdi Gazâlî (1518–1521)
Ayas Mehmed Paşa (1521–1522)
Serdar Ferhat Paşa (1522–1523)
Hurram Paşa (1523–1525)
Sulayman Paşa al-Tawashi (1525–1526)
Lütfü Paşa (1526–1528)
İsa Bey Paşa Chenderli (1528–1531)
Mustafa Ablak Paşa (1531–1534)
Lütfü Paşa (1534–1535)
İsa Bey Paşa Chenderli (1535)
Muhammad Kuzal Paşa (1536–1537)
Topal Sulayman Paşa (1537–1538)
Ahmed Paşa I (1538–1539)
Qese Husrau Paşa (1539–1541)
Isa Paşa (1541–1543)
Piri Paşa (1543–1545)
Hadım Sinan Paşa (1545–1550)
Piri Paşa (1550–1551)
Muhammad Paşa Bartaki (1551–1552)
Şemsi Ahmed Paşa (1552–1555)
Hizr Paşa (1555–1561)
Ali Paşa Lankun (1561–1563)
Khusrau Paşa I (1563)
Lala Mustafa Paşa (1563–1569)
Murad Paşa Shaitan (1569)
Ali Paşa Lankun (1569–1570)
Haji Ahmed Paşa (1570–1571)
Lala Jafar Paşa (1574–1575)
Murad Paşa (1575–1577)
Sokolluzade Hasan Paşa (1577–1581)
Bahram Paşa (1581–1582)
Hüseyin Paşa Boljanić (1582–1583)
Sokolluzade Hasan Paşa (1583)
Qubad Sulayman Paşa (1584)
Sokolluzade Hasan Paşa (1585–1586)
Üveys Paşa (1586–1587)
Muhammad Paşa Farhad (1587–1588)
Üveys Paşa (1588–1589)
Elwanzade Ali Paşa (1589–1590)
Koca Sinan Paşa (1590)
Sokolluzade Hasan Paşa (1590–1591)
Mustafa Paşa I (1591–1592)
Damat Halil Paşa (1592–1593)
Qachirji Mohammad Paşa (1593–1594)
Sokolluzade Hasan Paşa (1594)
Murad Paşa (1594–1595)
Khusrau Paşa II (1595–1596)
Razia Hutunzade Mustafa Paşa (1596–1597)
Yusuf Sinan Paşa (1597–1598)
Ahmed Paşa II (1598)
Ahmed Paşa III (1598)
Khusrau Paşa II (1599)
Emir Mehmed Paşa (1599–1600)
Osman Paşa (1601–1603)
Farhad Paşa Bustanji (1603–1604)
Mustafa Paşa II (1604–1607)
Mahmud Paşa (1607–1608)
Sofu Sinan Paşa (1608–1609)
Ahmad al-Hafiz (1609–1615)
Silahdar Mehmed Paşa (1615–1618)
Hafız Ahmed Paşa (1618–1619)
Mustafa Paşa III (1619–1620)
Süleyman Paşa I (1620–1621)
Murtaza Paşa Bustanji (1621–1622)
Mehmed Paşa Rushand (1622–1623)
Mustafa Paşa al-Hannaq (1623–1624)
Niğdeli Mustafa Paşa (1624–1625)
Gürcü Mehmed Paşa I (1625–1626)
Tayar Oğlu Mehmed Paşa (1626–1628)
Küçük Ahmed Paşa (1628–1629)
Mustafa Paşa IV (1629–1630)
Nawaya Mehmed Paşa (1630–1631)
İlyas Paşa (1632–1633)
Deli Yusuf Paşa (1633–1635)
Küçük Ahmed Paşa (1635–1636)
Dervish Mehmed Paşa (1636–1638)
Mustafa Paşa IV (1638–1639)
Chifteli Othman Paşa (1639–1640)
Mehmed Paşa I (1640–1641)
Serji Ahmed Paşa (1641–1642)
Melik Ahmed Paşa (1642–1643)
Sultanzade Mehmed Paşa (1643)
Silihdar Yusuf Paşa (1643–1644)
Gurju Mehmed Paşa II (1644–1645)
Ibrahim Paşa I (1645)
Mehmed Paşa Salami (1645–1646)
Gürcê Mehmed (1646)
Silahdar Yusuf Paşa (1646–1647)
Sufi Murteza Paşa (1647)
Sofu Mehmed Paşa (1648)
İbşir Mustafa Paşa (1649)
Mehmed Paşa II (1649–1650)
Silahdar Murtaza Paşa (1650)
Sivaslı Mustafa Paşa (1650)
Haseki Mehmed Paşa (1650–1652)
Defterzade Mehmed Paşa (1653–1655)
Kara Murat Paşa (1655; makamı üstlenmeden önce yolda ölmüştür)
Haseki Mehmed Paşa (1656)
Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Paşa (1659–1661)
Sulayman Paşa II (1661–1663)
Ribleli Mustafa Paşa (1663–1665)
Salih Paşa I (1665–1666)
Qara Mustafa Paşa (1666–1667)
Mehmed Paşa Chewish Oglu (1667–1669)
Ibrahim Paşa Shaytan (1669–1671)
Abazekh Husein Paşa (1671–1672)
Qara Mehmed Paşa (1672–1673)
Ibrahim Paşa Shushman (1673–1674)
Qer Husein Paşa (1674–1675)
Ibrahim Paşa II (1675–1676)
Bosniak Osman Paşa (1676–1679)
Abazekh Husein Paşa (1679–1683)
Ibrahim Paşa III (1684)
Bosniak Osman Paşa (1684–1685)
Kaplan Paşa (1686–1687)
Arap Salih Paşa (1687–1688)
Hamza Paşa (1688–1689)
Bozoklu Mustafa Paşa (1690)
Murtaza Paşa (1690–1691)
Gürcü Mehmed Paşa III (1691–1692)
Çelebi İsmail Paşa (1692–1693)
İbşir Mustafa Paşa (1693–1694)
Silihdar Osman Paşa (1695–1696)
Silihdar Buuqli Mustafa Paşa (1696–1697)
Ahmad Paşa Hacigirai (1697–1698)
Silihdar Husein Paşa (1699)
Silihdar Hasan Paşa (1700)
Arslan Mehmed Paşa Matracyoghlu (1701)
Salih Agha (1702)
Mehmed Paşa Kurd-Bayram (1702–1703)
Osman Paşa Arnavud (1703)
Arslan Mehmed Paşa Matracyoghlu (1703–1704)
Defterdar Mustafa Paşa (1704)
Firari Hüseyin Paşa (1704–1705)
Mehmed Paşa Kurd-Bayram (1705–1706)
Baltacı Süleyman Paşa (1706–1707)
Yusuf Paşa Qapudan (1707-1708)
Nasuh Paşa al-Aydini (1708–1712)
Jarkas Muhammad Paşa (1713-1715)
Tubal Yusuf Paşa (1715-1716)
Ibrahim Paşa Qapudan (1716)
Recep Paşa (1716)
Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Paşa (1716–1717)
Köprülü Abdullah Paşa (1716–1717)
Recep Paşa (1717-1718)
Uthman Paşa Abu Tawq (1719-1721)
Ali Paşa Maqtul (1721–1722)
Uthman Paşa Abu Tawq (1723–1725)
Ismail Paşa al-Azm (1725–1730)
Abdullah Paşa al-Aydinli (1731–1734)
Sulayman Paşa al-Azm (1734–1738)
Husayn Paşa al-Bustanji (1738)
Uthman Paşa al-Muhassil (1739–1740)
Ali Paşa Abu Qili (1740)
Sulayman Paşa al-Azm (1741–1743)
As'ad Paşa al-Azm (1743–1757)
Husayn Paşa ibn Makki (1757)
Abdullah Paşa al-Jatahji (1757-1759)
Muhammad Paşa al-Shalik (1759–1760)
Uthman Paşa al-Kurji (1760–1771)
Muhammad Paşa al-Azm (1771–1772)
Hafiz Mustafa Paşa Bustanji (1773–1783)
Mehmed Paşa al-Kurji (1783)
Darwish Paşa al-Kurji (1783–1784)
Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1784–1786)
Husayn Paşa Battal (1786–1787)
Abdi Paşa (1787–1788)
Ibrahim Paşa al-Halabi (1788–1789)
Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1790–1795)
Abdullah Paşa al-Azm (1795–1798)
Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1798–1799)
Abdullah Paşa al-Azm (1799–1803)
Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa (1803–1804)
Abdullah Paşa al-Azm (1804-807)
Kunj Yusuf Paşa (1807–1810)
Sulayman Paşa al-Adil (1810-1812)^[3]
Silahdar Süleyman Paşa (Şubat 1812–Mayıs 1816)^[4]
Sulayman Paşa al-Adil (1816; vekaleten)
Hafiz Amasyali Ali Paşa (1816–Mart 1817)
Salih Paşa (Mart 1817–1817)
Izmirli Süleyman Paşa (1817–1819)
Burdurlu Derviş Mehmed Paşa (1819–1822)
Beylanli Mustafa Paşa (June 1822–April 1823)
Salih Paşa (April 1823–January 1824)
Muftizade Ahmed Paşa (1824–Mayıs 1824)
Haci Veliyeddin Paşa (1825–1826)
Hakkı İsmail Paşa (Ekim1826–1827)
İzmirli Haci Salih Paşa (1827–1828)
Mehmed Emin Rauf Paşa (1828–1831)
Benderli Mehmed Selim Sırrı Paşa (1831–1832)
Mısır'a bağlı, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'ndan özerk
- Ahmed Bey (1831–1832)
- Kavalalı İbrahim Paşa (1832)
- Muhammed Şerif Paşa (1832–1838)
- boş (1838–1840)
İzzet Mehmed Paşa (1840–1841)
Reşid Mehmed Paşa (1841–1844)
Mehmed Namık Paşa (1845–1846)
Rıza Paşa (1845–1846)
Musa Safveti Paşa (1846)
Namık Paşa (1848)
Osman Nuri Paşa (1848–1849)
Mehmed Namık Paşa (1849–1850)
Damad Mehmed Said Paşa (1850–1852)
İzzet Mehmed Paşa (1852)
Açaf Paşa (1852–1854)
Arif Mehmed Paşa (1854–1855)
Salih Vamık Paşa (1855)
Mahmud Nedim Paşa (1855–1857)
İzzet Ahmed Paşa (1857)
Ali Paşa II (1858)
Halil Kamili Paşa (1858-1859)
Mu'amer Paşa (1860)
Mehmed Fuad Paşa (1860–1861)
Ahmed Paşa IV (1861)
Emin Muhlis Paşa (1861–1862)
Reşid Mehmed Paşa (1862–1864)
Mütercim Mehmed Rüşdi Paşa (1864–1865)
Mehmed Raşid Paşa (1865–1871)
Subhi Paşa (1871–1873)
Sherif Mehmed Re'uf Paşa (1873–1874)
Esad Paşa (1874–1875)
Ahmed Hamdi Paşa (1875–1876)
Ahmed Paşa V (1876–1877)
Küçük Ömer Fevzi Paşa (1877–1878)
Ali Haydar Midhat Paşa (1878–1879)
Hamdi Paşa (1880–1885)
Raşid Naşid Paşa (1885–1888)
Manastırlı Mehmed Nazif Paşa (1888–1889)
Mustafa Asim Paşa (1889–1891)
Topal Osman Nuri Paşa (1891–1892)
Şerif Mehmed Rauf Paşa (1892–1894)
Haçi Osman Nuri Paşa (1894–1895)
Hasan Refik Paşa (1896–1897)
Nâzım Paşa (1897–1906)
İbrahim Şükrü Paşa (1906–1909)
İsmail Fazıl Bey (1909–1911)
İsmail Galip Bey (1911–1912)
Kazım Paşa (1912–1913)
Arif Bey (1913)
Mehmed Arif Bey Mardin (1914)
Cemal Paşa (1915)
Azmi Paşa (1915–1916)
Tahsin Bey (1916–1918)
Mehmed Gabriel Paşa (1918)
Şükrü Paşa (Ekim 1–2, 1918)